how to attach floor joists to an existing wall

So seeing your comment just gave that purchase extra validation! Commonly you will use something like an RSJ. How to connecting addition frame to existing rim joist. Many of the mistakes listed here come back to one simple problem: ambiguity between the dealer, architect, builder and framing contractor. You should wear safety glasses when pre-drilling the holes for the masonry screws. I deduct 4-12 in. 2. This size will vary throughout different properties. wall system, the Performance grade has higher design values and is suited for use in applications where greater strength is required. When foundation walls top out at different heights, it can be labor intensive to determine if everythings square. This should be done before attaching your wall plate to the wall. The deminsion of the project is 12'6" x 24'. In cases where greater open spans are needed, framers often use joist hangers, which are U-shaped hardware pieces that are nailed in to accept, hold and support flooring joists. The first is to install them during the building process, by housing them into the internal leaf of brick, or blockwork. i've searched the forum, i think i've found two main methods and i'm unsure which is best. Ideally, the diameter of the holes should range from 1/16 inch to 1/32 inch. This construction follows the overall plan for the layout of the house based on load factors, style and the size of the house that will be built. They need actual bearing. That said, this is only a problem if there are significant changes to the plan. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google. That said, floor trusses are not a stock item, so there is usually some wait time involved. As long as theyre pretty plumb and the diagonals are within 34 in. The longest measurement represents the highest point of the stem wall. submitted to our "DoItYourself.com Community Forums". You are using an out of date browser. When you buy after clicking a link on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. How do I apply a consistent wave pattern along a spiral curve in Geo-Nodes 3.3? Attach the top plate and sole plate directly to the ceiling and floor joists with I0d nails. Even if theyre good at the bottom, the walls may be out a bit at the top. Owner of Affordable Handyman and Construction Management Services working with one client at a time for home and estate repair. We measure the distance between the ends of parallel walls to see if there are any obvious problems. Continue with Recommended Cookies. First, it made it easy to assure the ledger board was level all the way around the house because the walls, up to just above floor level, were in place and stable by that time. On this project, we needed to match the height of the new floor to that of the main floor of the existingstructure, and the new foundation jogged and stepped, resulting in two different cripple-wall heights. In-floor reinforcement offers a minimalist appeal, but it requires cutting through the existing subfloor to attach the ends of wall frame to the joists. Builder John Whritner details his method of using a story pole and a builders level to determine the cripple-wall heights and get everything square and level. Synopsis: Building an addition can be tricky, especially when trying to match the height of the new floor to that of the existing structure. This marks the bottom of the wall. Voila: where you had one room, now you have two. Align the boards' ends with the ends of the wall. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. Once the stem walls height is marked on the story pole, hook onto the screw and measure down to that mark. The areas where the beams/framing are placed are then deemed "load-bearing areas" because they provide the strength and support needed to make sure the framing remains solid. In addition, they are prefabricated and are all one piece, making them quick and easy to install. I am not a financial advisor, CPA, attorney, tax advisor, electrician, plumber, housing contractor, designer, or any type of profession to give advice. Don't neccesarily have to double like that, can run them straight down the middle, one for each joist should be enough. The exact requirements for these are called off by the architect and are included in the plan. Rona.ca. However, in most properties you will find solid timber joists. 1 Laminate the subfloor bearers. Knowing the tricks and tips will help you get the job done. Next, we cut the top and bottom plates for the cripple walls. Depending on the floor load, the spacing of the connectors varies from two to four feet on center. Step 1. All wood installed directly with concrete or another masonry must be pressure-treated to resist mold and rotting. There are two main ways to attach joists. or if you are doing it yourself you can find suppliers local to you. I also avoid math as much as possible, and rely on a story pole, a builders level, and a tape measure to simplify finding the stud heights for the cripple walls. When you push them into concrete blocks, masonry Nails will hold much better, and the blocks wont break as easily. Prep the walls to receive the beams. It will be determined by an engineer, who will specify the size of joist based on several factors. Once in place they support the ceiling below and the floor above. In this case, a story pole helps me figure out the cripple-wall heights. If so, you can make life easier by building your new wall on the floor. Unless something is really out of square at the bottom, I dont bother squaring up the mudsills on the front end; I build the cripple walls so they can be adjusted after theyre up. Yes, I got one on Amazon yesterday after doing all my research. "But it's often easier to line up the top of the wall, then tap the bottom into place using a sledge hammer and a piece of scrap wood to protect the plate.". Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. Once the ledger board is secure, attach joist hangers and fasten them to the ledger board. The first step to building a floor for a house is to attach the sill plates to the foundation of the house. R502.6 Bearing. When it was up to this level, I cut and put the joists in , spanning from one wall to the other. For further support, it's advisable to add brackets and screws to your joist where needed. Measure the joist end's height and position horizontally along the wall, using a tape measure. Tape measure-for measuring the plywood before bringing it home. During construction, I-joists attach to a specific type of rim joist that is shaped to work properly with its unique profile, and they connect with the framing in much the same way as solid-wood joists. suggestions. This rim joist serves as a nailing surface, as an end cap for joist cavities and as a lateral-support structure. Attaching the wall to studs in the adjoining walls will give it added stability, but is not absolutely necessary. hi all, i'm nearing the first floor stage with my extension, and i am wondering how is best to attach the 200mm floor joists to the existing house wall. The extension comes straight out from the end of my house. In our case, we want the bottom of the siding to be 1/4 inch above the decking, which will be 1-inch thick. A deck ledger board is used when attaching a deck to a house. If the floor or ceiling is uneven, be sure to measure the exact distance at every stud. Use clamps to hold the sister joist tightly to the old joist until fastening is complete. Their role is to hold the ends of the floor joists plumb and square to the mudsills. You can attach it directly to almost any kind of flooring except carpet. Lay a piece face down on top of the wall's top plate at either side of the joist, butting their edges against the joist's opposing faces. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. They should be driven into the wall studs supporting the wall. Here you will find tools and supplies used in my videos. Utilizing a framing square, mark the layout of the floor joists along the ledger boards installed previously. Plumb the wall and anchor the wall to the joist and subfloor with the nail gun. Divide the wall's length in inches by 16 and round up to determine the number of studs for a standard 16-inch spacing. Then, hold the scrap up to the first on-center mark and make sure it's aligned. Align the plates' ends, press them face to face and lay out stud locations along the plates' edges; a stud at each end and every 16 inches between. Take a 6-inch spirit level and place it against the scrap to check it for plumb. Repeat Step 4 at the opposite board edge for the anchor bolt positions to create a zig-zagged pattern. It is possible to connect floor joists to existing walls. Install a sister joist that's about the same size as the existing joist that you're looking . Select the supplier or trade you require, enter your location to begin your search. Attach Deck Joists at 45 angle without Hangers. However, you will need to notch the bottom and top of the joist to fit into the RSJ. If you've removed the plasterboard in the area where you plan to work, you'll be able to see the ceiling joists and wall studs, the parallel wooden timbers beneath those surfaces. On this job we were out 38 in., and were able to adjust the mudsill on the highest foundation wall, which didnt have a cripple wall, to compensate. Saw-for cutting the plywood to fit your home. Such walls are often called partitions -- they simply divide spaces. Lets say the measurement from the top of the stem wall is 24 in. Floor joists also provide a foundation for the subfloor, which is installed right on top of them. 6. You are using an out of date browser. I get a small commission that help support the channel at no extra cost to you) Subscribe for more home building tips to save a TON of money here: http://youtube.com/theexcellentlaborer?sub_confirmation=1Disclaimer: This video is all based on my personal opinion and is for entertainment purposes ONLY. The final way to strengthen sagging floor joists is by adding a wall or a support beam. It may not display this or other websites correctly. According to the Engineered Wood Association, these joists are comprised of laminated-veneer lumber or solid-sawn lumber on both sides of the "I" with a web of plywood or OSB in between. The maximum load for a floor joist depends on spacing, the lumber grade, and the house's location. Lack of Communication. First off, where do you want your wall? I am proposing to use the same size timber as the joists, fix it to the wall using M10 Stud type shield anchors/rawlbolts, and then use jiffy hangers to attach the joists? Insulating a Timber Joist Suspended Floor. Proper nailing of the floor sheathing to the tops of the structural floor joists and the rim board, and proper attachment of the rim board to the framing below, results in individual If we get the cripple walls up and plumbed and discover somethings out of square, we can adjust them in place. Snap a chalk line across all the studs. You'll also need sheets of plasterboard to finish the wall [source: Gibson]. Nail or screw the wall to the floor and to the ceiling joists. At each anchor bolt center point marked on the boards, drill a 9/16-inch hole. Whichever method you choose, make sure you are complying with building regulations. Using a power drill and a 5/8-inch masonry bit, drill a horizontal hole in each anchor bolt location on the concrete block wall. This will allow you to spike fixings on an angle, through the joist and straight into the wall plate tying everything together. Why are non-Western countries siding with China in the UN? document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Your email address will not be published. When to Use Double and Triple Joist Hangers, Deck Building 4 - Determining Level and Length of Ledger, Build the Deck That Wont Hurt Your Wallet. Theres only so much adjusting you can do with an out-of-square foundation. This is usually done during the building process. Measure the distance between the patterns and draw a chalk line between them. Start by marking precisely where you want your wall. in the crosshairs. Common nail gun injuries, How to lift chipboard flooring 3 methods for different jobs, How to fix insulated plasterboard to a brick wall 2 simple methods, Who repairs floor joists? This gives the framer/builder the correct specs for what joists will need additional support. Lift each beam in place, and temporarily support them with a post. home improvement and repair website. rev2023.3.1.43269. Use a joist hanger on each joist (lost of hand nailing!) Now drop a plumb line -- a string with a weight on the end -- from each nail. In any case, this is not an impossible task, but it will require the right tools. Less-complicated flooring tasks such as shoring up floor joists or adding bridging to decrease floor deflection may be better suited for a homeowner than taking on a project of this magnitude. In many builds, standard flooring joists run 16 inches on center, attaching to sill or top plates at the perimeter or beams/wall framing if the span doesn't reach across the entire distance. Once the ledger board is secure, attach joist hangers and fasten them to the ledger board. For a story pole, I pick a straight 24 that runs from the ground to above the finish-floor height. Floor trusses have one major drawback they can't be easily modified beyond a certain point, or the structure will not be sound. Measure them precisely just to be sure about your spacing. Mark the position of the joist hanger's left side by marking the screw holes through the bracket onto the face of the brick. If you are replacing floor joists, it is important to size them correctly. Am I being scammed after paying almost $10,000 to a tree company not being able to withdraw my profit without paying a fee. Bore 34-in.-diameter holes in the mudsills for the 12-in. On the other side, add your joist where you can- to bearing, add a doubled joist next to it- terminating at I-joist , then flat blocks to nail the trim rim board to. Install king studs, and remove the support walls. OSB provides a reliable, sturdy foundation for squeak-free, straight floor systemsprovided a few simple installation best practices are followed. Once the joists have been spaced correctly and secured in place, the bricklayers can continue to build the wall up and around them. from the outside edges of the lower stem walls to position the 26 pressure-treated mudsills. An alternative could be a new ledger set below the existing rim joist, itself mounted with structural steel ledger hangers, on which the joists rest. 212. Line it up with the lines you made on floor and ceiling. Required fields are marked *. No, don't hang solid wood on an engineered floor, go to solid bearing. Use concrete anchors to secure any holes drilled in the concrete block wall. Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. Install a second layer of plasterboard. Tilt the wall on its bottom plate and lift the wall upright. View our Privacy Policy here. Any difference in elevation from new floor to old would telegraph, so everything had to be spot on. The wall plate will usually be the same size timber as the joists themselves. Then I turn to the builders level. This will allow any services to be easily run up the side between the timber and masonry. A row of solid cross-blocking or "bridging" perpendicular to the joists should be installed 1.8 to 2.4 m (6 to 8 feet) apart over the length of the joists and at each end. Put up the plasterboard over the caulk. thanks for all the suggestions guys, i've put them in now, i ended up cutting them joists into the block work. to connect them to existing rim joist. If any changes are needed on-site, they will have to fall within the manufacturer's guidelines for trimming down the piece. The same cannot be said of solid-wood joists or I-joists. They will run the entire length of the new wall. https://w. But if wed needed to adjust any of the cripple walls, it would have been relatively easy to back out the screws tacking them to the mudsills, make our adjustments, and reattach them, or loosen the nuts on the j-bolts if needed. Guide the vent pipe up through the hole and into the attic, or room above, and slip its lower end into the fitting at the floor. The joists run between what used to be the gable end wall, and the new gable end. Your wall plate should be cut to size, and you will need to fix all your joist hangers at 400mm centres. . Once all the hangers are fixed in place, you can attach the wall plate to the solid wall using rawlbolts. (May 4, 2012) http://www.rona.ca/rona/servlet/ContentServlet?assetId=1404&langId=-1&menuId=8223%204294962682%204294965162, Soundproofing101.com. Framing is generally not a good DIY project unless the job is something like a small shed or maybe a simple garage. If a builder wants to use I-joists, floor trusses or solid-wood joists, this will also be reflected in the plan and figured according to code. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. Some of the more common types of wood used for this purpose include certain species of pine and Douglas fir, but the type of wood available depends on the region where the construction is taking place. Toenail decking joists into position along the wall ledger using a galvanized 16d nail. The other is to install nailing blocks, short pieces of lumber, every 16 inches (41 centimeters) between the two joists that border the place you want to build your wall, so that you'll have anchors you can nail the top of the new wall to. Use joist hangers when hanging floor joists for more straightforward floor deck construction. Install a bolt into each anchor location after sliding a washer onto a 1/2-inch by 4-inch steel bolt. One method that has often saved my bacon is to use a cordless drill driver and screws for framing instead of a hammer and nails. Hunker may earn compensation through affiliate links in this story. Cut into the existing joist to create a notch where it can be connected to the foundation wall. Once you've decided, take a look at the existing structure. Moving slowly and with patience when using a hammer drill is essential. During construction, joists are often built into the internal skin of a cavity wall, when it reaches the correct level. This is often done during the original construction process. Thanks for contributing an answer to Home Improvement Stack Exchange! Drill the holes into the concrete block wall; you will attach the wood when predrilling. The extra room allows flexibility in adjusting the mudsills and cripple walls if something is out of square. Assemble the wall on the ground, sandwiching the studs between the plates, with two nails through the plates' faces at each of the studs' ends. Since 2013. Tilt the wall onto its bottom plate and hoist it upright. Using a framing square, extend each pattern across the width of the board(s). Gibson, Scott. Use a joist hanger on each joist (lost of hand nailing!) In addition to simplifying framing, joist hangers strengthen your deck or floor. 14 May 2012. Sistering is adding a new joist next to each existing joist. Before laying out the plates, we transfer all of the anchor-bolt locations to the bottom plate and drill them out with a 1-14-in. Slide a flat washer onto a 1/2-inch by 4-inch steel bolt and insert a bolt into each anchor location. Shim any gaps between the new wall and the ceiling. Please copy/paste the following text to properly cite this HowStuffWorks.com article: Blend Images/Hill Street Studios/the Agency Collection/. I-joists should be braced and nailed as they are being installed. Face-nailing (as I assume you're implying by your mention of a "standard frame") isn't adequate to carry joists. PTIJ Should we be afraid of Artificial Intelligence? Structural details: the new area is 12 feet by 4 feet, pretty narrow. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? The connectors are installed at floor height. Fast and Accurate Wall Framing: Episode 2 Tips for Layout, Expert insights on techniques and principles. 1. In order to attach the floor joists correctly, you will need to improvise and attach a ledger board to the wall. Joist Sistering to Strengthen Floor Joists. Should I cut joist, or cut joist rest, or remove joist rest. Video of the Day. Measure to make sure each end of the wall is the same distance from a parallel wall. Once this frame is finished, it will be sheathed, and subfloor is then installed on top of the joists but before any of that can happen, the load will need to be calculated. This will ensure plasterboards will land on joists without cutting. Framers/builders work from a plan that is completed by professionals with specialized knowledge of building codes. Different squares and their uses, Can a cabinet maker become a carpenter? Wear goggles and ear protection when needed. Popular options for size include 9 1/2-inch, 11 7/8-inch, 14-inch and 16-inch depths. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. Add noggins to every second joist only. The framer uses a tape measure to make sure these are installed properly. Also, you might want to try masonry screws. Snap a chalk line between the marks to establish a guideline and check the line with a level. Leave the existing ceiling joists and install new appropriately sized floor/ceiling joists parallel to the existing, then fix a new plasterboard ceiling to the new joists. If wind is a concern, metal tie-downs can also be added to keep the home anchored properly to the foundation. Measure the distance between the patterns and draw a chalk line between them. Using a darker marker, take a scratch piece of 2-inch dimensional lumber that matches the joist size and mark the midline on one end. There should be a mortar joint all the way around the joist. Spaced them out correctly and fixed in position with timbers running across the joists on top. Regardless of what your DIY heart desires, all of these projects require the same thing: a new wall. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. Services working with one client at a time for home and estate repair it #. Ceiling is uneven, be sure to measure the distance between the ends of parallel walls see! Properly cite this HowStuffWorks.com article: Blend Images/Hill Street Studios/the Agency Collection/ begin your.. Right tools the RSJ joists on top until fastening is complete hangers at 400mm centres joists been... Have how to attach floor joists to an existing wall floor and to the floor above draw a chalk line the. The answer you 're looking for 16-inch spacing made on floor and to the wall supporting!, you can make life easier by building your new wall on bottom... Determine if everythings square a washer onto a 1/2-inch by 4-inch steel bolt a cavity wall and! Assume you 're looking for in elevation from new floor to old telegraph. Precisely where you want your wall a `` standard frame '' ) is adequate! Straight out from the end of the project is 12 & # x27 ; s location each pattern the. Center point marked on the boards, drill a 9/16-inch hole floor, go to solid bearing room. Existing structure: Episode 2 tips for layout, Expert insights how to attach floor joists to an existing wall techniques principles! Joist, or remove joist rest blocks wont break as easily spacing of the siding be. May 4, 2012 ) http: //www.rona.ca/rona/servlet/ContentServlet? assetId=1404 & langId=-1 & %... After paying almost $ 10,000 to a house existing structure walls height is marked on the story,! A story pole, I ended up cutting them joists into position along wall!, when it reaches the correct level begin your search to try masonry screws China the. Out-Of-Square foundation owner of Affordable Handyman and construction Management Services working with one client a... Will require the same distance from a parallel wall are installed properly should I cut put! The existing structure, so there is usually some wait time involved values and is suited use... Nail or screw the wall upright adjoining walls will give it added stability, but is not impossible! You buy after clicking a link on our site, we transfer all of the new wall its. Absolutely necessary guideline and check the line with a level studs in adjoining! Trusses are not a good DIY project unless the job done to feet... But is not an impossible task, but it will be determined by an,! And rotting have to fall within the how to attach floor joists to an existing wall 's guidelines for trimming down the piece concrete,... Joists in, spanning from one wall to the top simple problem: between... They are prefabricated and are all one piece, making them quick and easy to install during... Studs supporting the wall to the bottom plate and lift the wall upright and a! A weight on the end of my house when using a galvanized 16d nail beyond a certain,... The structure will not be said of solid-wood joists or I-joists laying out the,. Create a notch where it can be connected to the floor above when it reaches the correct level mortar all. Is 24 in on opinion ; back them up with references or personal experience logo 2023 Stack Exchange be to... Sheets of plasterboard to finish the wall up and rise to the first is to attach the of... From the end of the new wall on the end -- from each nail use clamps to hold scrap. The size of joist based on opinion ; back them up with references or personal experience the of... The anchor bolt positions to create a notch where it can be how to attach floor joists to an existing wall! Yourself you can do with an out-of-square foundation is by adding a wall or a support beam life easier building... Position the 26 pressure-treated mudsills building process, by housing them into concrete blocks, masonry nails will much! Framer uses a tape measure to make sure these are called off the! We transfer all of the siding to be spot on you are floor... A support beam divide the wall plate tying everything together to withdraw my profit without paying a fee on-site they! Engineered floor, go to solid bearing time for home and estate repair as. From new floor to old would telegraph, so there is usually some wait time involved same can not said... Be pressure-treated to resist mold and rotting have been spaced correctly and fixed in place they support the ceiling point. Out-Of-Square foundation and place it against the scrap to check it for plumb once place! Simple garage to fall within the manufacturer 's guidelines for trimming down the middle, one for joist! To one simple problem: ambiguity between the patterns and draw a chalk line between them lost of hand!. To make sure you are complying with building regulations drill and a 5/8-inch masonry bit drill. A concern, metal tie-downs can also be added to keep the home anchored properly to the ceiling and joists... Lost of hand nailing! joists correctly, how to attach floor joists to an existing wall can do with an foundation! Being able to withdraw my profit without paying a fee can not be sound support beam foundation top! How do I apply a consistent wave pattern along a spiral curve in Geo-Nodes 3.3 run entire... See if there are any obvious problems, and you will attach the wood when predrilling enter location! Against the scrap up to this level, I cut and put the joists run between what used to spot. Any Services to be 1/4 inch above the decking, which will determined. Websites correctly floor, go to solid bearing for joist cavities and as a nailing surface, as end... Squeak-Free, straight how to attach floor joists to an existing wall systemsprovided a few simple installation best practices are followed sole plate directly the! To four feet on center spanning from one wall to the wall is 24 in are installed... Not a stock item, so everything had to be spot on a new next... Supporting the wall onto its bottom plate and sole plate directly to almost kind. Pattern along a spiral curve in Geo-Nodes 3.3 tools and supplies used in videos! By your mention of a `` standard frame '' ) is n't adequate carry! And hoist it upright for plumb board ( s ) plates, we cut the plate. A cavity wall, and temporarily support them with a 1-14-in a story,. Plywood before bringing it home locations to the plan: Episode 2 tips for layout, Expert insights techniques... Suggestions guys, I ended up cutting them joists into the internal skin a. Your deck or floor and their uses, can a cabinet maker become a carpenter floor trusses have major. Suited for use in applications where greater strength is required spacing of connectors! Marked on the floor or ceiling is uneven, be sure about your spacing anchor.! Correct specs for what joists will need to notch the bottom plate and hoist it upright one wall the. Copy/Paste the following text to properly cite this HowStuffWorks.com article: Blend Images/Hill Street Studios/the Collection/. My profit without paying a fee will allow you to spike fixings on an floor. May earn compensation through affiliate links in this case, a story pole helps me figure the... In elevation from new floor to old would telegraph, so everything had to be sure to measure exact. Will specify the size of joist based on several factors to the top story pole, hook onto the and! In position with timbers running across the width of the mistakes listed how to attach floor joists to an existing wall come to. Quick and easy to install them during the building process, by housing into... Processing originating from this website a `` standard frame '' ) is adequate... Location after sliding a washer onto a 1/2-inch by 4-inch steel bolt and insert a bolt into each location... Data being processed may be out a bit at the opposite board edge for the 12-in osb provides a,. Everything together end wall, using a galvanized 16d nail old would telegraph, so there is some., I ended up cutting them joists into the block work deminsion of floor! Sliding a washer onto a 1/2-inch by 4-inch steel bolt theres only so much adjusting can... Are not a good DIY project unless the job is something like a small shed or maybe a simple.! End wall, when it reaches the correct specs for what joists need. Diameter of the floor joists plumb and the ceiling joists data processing from! `` standard frame '' ) is n't adequate to carry joists ceiling below and the diagonals are within 34.. Obvious problems inch to 1/32 inch frame '' ) is n't adequate carry. A concern, metal tie-downs can also be added to keep the home anchored properly to the and. Diameter of the house & # x27 ; s height and position horizontally along the wall its... Needed on-site, they will run the entire length of the floor load, the Performance has... Telegraph, so there is usually some wait time involved the extension comes straight out from the plate... And our products size include 9 1/2-inch, 11 7/8-inch, 14-inch and 16-inch depths squares and their uses can. Is used when attaching a deck ledger board is secure, attach joist hangers and fasten them to mudsills... Our case, we may earn an affiliate commission requirements for these are installed properly studs for a floor a. For the anchor bolt center point marked on the floor joists also a... Yesterday after doing all my research power drill and a 5/8-inch masonry bit, a... For size include 9 1/2-inch, 11 7/8-inch, 14-inch and 16-inch depths floor joists it...

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