These various manifestations of the diseases, diagnosis and treatment are organized for basic scientists, so that they may better understand the dimensions and nature of the clinical challenges. Also known as: Kimberly David Stevens, David Kstevens Or, Kimberly Stevens. One hundred sixty patients were entered in two multicenter protocols to receive 400 to 2,000 mg of ketoconazole once daily for nonmeningeal or meningeal coccidiodomycosis. Clemons, K. V., Martinez, M., Tong, A., Stevens, D. A. Collectins and fungal pathogens: roles of surfactant proteins and mannose binding lectin in host resistance, Correlation of restriction fragment length polymorphism genotyping with internal transcribed spacer sequence, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA and multilocus sequence groupings for Candida parapsilosis. Resistance of CD-1 mice to pulmonary blastomycosis correlates with enhanced fungicidal activity of BAM, PM, PMN, and IFN-gamma production by Con A stimulated spleen cells, compared to BALB/c mice. Stevens, D. A., Kim, K. K., Johnson, N., Lee, J., Hamilton, J. R. Experimental Evidence That Granulocyte Transfusions Are Efficacious in Treatment of Neutropenic Hosts with Pulmonary Aspergillosis. The molecular epidemiology of Candida dubliniensis has been studied using large complex DNA probes for Southern analysis and has revealed the existence of distinct genotypes within this species. This management task increasingly, for insurance reasons or geographic reasons, falls on clinicians unfamiliar with the disease. [2], At the time of his death, Stevens was a member of the Royal College of Physicians London, and the British Archaeological Association. Anna is an archaeologist, specialising in ancient Egypt, with research interests that include urbanism, lived religion and cultural interaction in the ancient world. View details for DOI 10.3109/13693786.2011.577822, View details for Web of Science ID 000295893300006. It describes a range of group problem solving methodologies and illustrates vividly how they can aid modern business. The success rate (73%) achieved in this case series suggests that oral posaconazole should be considered as an important agent for the treatment of refractory coccidioidomycosis. In the two single-lung recipients, disease was limited to the transplanted side emphasizing the importance of abnormal local defense mechanisms in the airways of lung transplant recipients. The inhibition of the combination was significantly greater than drug alone (P Isolates were genotyped by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of genomic DNA after EcoR1 digestion. Moreover, such treatment of PMN also enhanced the collaboration of PMN with VCZ. The persistence of Cryptococcus observed in the CNS may result from an ineffective immune response, perhaps owing to an insufficient anticryptococcal effector function of endogenous glial cells resulting from competing pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Plasma samples were collected for ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) or bioassay analysis. > present (Member of the Visitors Board of Oxford University Museum of Natural History), [????] Serum factors, including mannose binding lectins (MBL), influence innate responses to microbes. But how can we encourage more women to breastfeed and support them to do it for longer ideally up until weaning? Studies done to emulate human disease have relied on models using common laboratory animal species. Moreover, differences between regulation of IL-1 and TNF production by BAM+conidia or LPS and peritoneal macrophages (PM)+conidia or LPS were documented. In coccidioidomycosis, serology is the exemplar for all mycology. Stay tuned for February's discussion on women and ambition. Business Email. In "The Dawn of Everything," the anthropologist David Graeber and the archaeologist David Wengrow aim to rewrite the story of our shared past and future. Assessment of the paradoxical effect of caspofungin in therapy of candidiasis. David Stevens (Gojiboy) See Photos. Typing by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) revealed all blood isolates were RFLP subtype VII-1. My husband [field archaeologist David Stevens] took on the role of primary carer when we were filming, and he came with me on all the shoots. The effect of GM-CSF on cortisone acetate suppression lasted at least 7 days. We hopen. Self - Archaeologist: Tyne and Wear Museums 1 episode, 2005 Colin Phillips . View details for Web of Science ID A1997XE59100036, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC229850, The field of antifungal chemotherapy is presently rapidly moving. Percutaneous therapy and bronchial artery embolization is appropriate for some patients and itraconazole has produced favorable results in several studies. Survivors to day 25 were euthanatized, the numbers of CFU in their tissues were determined, and histology analyses of the brains and spinal cords were done. GM-CSF reversed the effect of DEX on I kappaB levels. Since Abelcet displayed dose-responsive efficacy, it is possible higher doses could produce superior results, yet not show toxicity. at Stanford); and study of the biology of Aspergillus as it relates to lung biofilm and interaction with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, particularly in cystic fibrosis, and the molecular species involved (including collaborations with Dept. Gastrointestinal and endocrinologic toxicity were dose related and increased at doses greater than 800 mg. Its still unusual to find stay-at-home husbands but the reforms to maternity leave due in 2015 should make it easier for families to make this choice, if it suits them. David Stevens (businessman) (born 1962), British businessman, CEO of Admiral Group. View details for Web of Science ID 000230724800021. Hyphae produced in the presence of micafungin (0.01 microg/ml) and incubated again with micafungin for 24 h inhibited growth by 47%; combination with monocytes resulted in 62% inhibition. In 2003 I co-led aprojectto put current meter moorings in Shag Rocks Passage and undertake a hydrographic survey of the North Scotia Ridge. In general, posaconazole therapy was well tolerated, with 12 of 20 patients reporting adverse events that were possibly or probably related to treatment. The findings of the present study suggest that some S. cerevisiae strains may possess properties permitting persistence in the human host. Select the best result to find their address, phone number, relatives, and public records. Monoclonal antibodies against the cryptococcal capsule have been shown to act as an adjunct in enhancing the outcome of cryptococcosis in animal models. These data suggest an endemic source of colonizing organisms, possibly from the hospital food preparation area. Stevens, D. A., Hamilton, J. R., Johnson, N., Kim, K. K., Lee, J. Saccharomyces as a Vaccine Against Systemic Candidiasis. Topical rhMBL cream in combination with itraconazole resulted in a 3-fold improvement in clearance of the yeast compared with sole itraconazole therapy. Fluconazole at 10 mg/kg did not reduce the fungal burden in secondary sites, the lungs and kidneys, whereas this itraconazole dose was more effective in clearing the fungi from both organs (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively). British Journal of Politics and International Relations. > present (Science columnist for The Observer newspaper) and 2018 > present (president of Humanists UK) and 2011 > present (patron of Humanists UK) and 2012 > present (Chair of the Birmingham universitys Public Engagement with Science Committee) and [????] 0115 95 14859 david.stevens@nottingham.ac.uk Biography I have been at Nottingham since 2000, having previously held positions at Brunel University and Brown University. Liked by David Stevens. To examine gene expression, mRNA was extracted and amplified from mycelial or yeast cultures grown in semi-defined medium for 5, 8 and 14 days. VII-1 is the most common RFLP type (176/203 in continuing studies), and C. parapsilosis sensu stricto is similarly dominant in other studies, and cannot be subtyped by RFLP or MLST. We report here studies which show that escape from growth inhibition is related to the enzymatic transformation of progesterone to polar metabolites. View details for Web of Science ID 000186262900003, Among patients undergoing heart transplantation, Aspergillus is the opportunistic pathogen with the highest attributable mortality. And finally what do you see when you look in the mirror? O'HARA KIERON and HILDEBRANDT MIRIELLE, eds., In Defence of Toma: Algorithmic Enhancement and a Sense of Justice, Further Thoughts on Talking to the Unreasonable. Adapting the extraction protocol to maximize yield from small sample volumes (10 l CSF or 200 l blood) allowed PCR detection of A. fumigatus in infected mice, suggesting the use of CSF and blood as diagnostic clinical samples for CNS aspergillosis. During the past several decades, there has been a steady increase in the frequency of opportunistic invasive fungal infections (IFIs) in immunocompromised patients. View 2 David L Stevens ER 2002-03 Bideford, Devon, EX39. View details for DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0059237, View details for Web of Science ID 000316549400044. Beta-D-Glucan levels were similar in both groups for patients without an IFI [AUC(GLUCAN) of 362 and 683 (P=0.36) for groups A and B, respectively]. DNA sequences with trinucleotide repeats were selected from the C. parapsilosis genome database. Global population structure of Aspergillus terreus inferred by ISSR typing reveals geographical subclustering. In the absence of serum, with or without fungal stimulation, cytokine and chemokine production was more restricted, largely to TNF and IL-6. I teach using a variety of techniques from traditional chalk and talk to computer based lectures. View details for Web of Science ID A1994PX25900046. I am a member of the Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences. Both therapy dogs and visitation dogs require identification and certification of health and are excluded from certain areas of the facility, including intensive care units and isolation rooms. Cells were unstimulated or stimulated with conidia and simultaneously treated with DEX, GM-CSF, or DEX plus GM-CSF, for 2-4 hours. Because of possible development of resistance in patient isolates resulting from residence in the abnormal milieu of CF patient airways, or from exposure to antifungals, and considering the possibility of patient-to-patient spread of microbes and reports of elevated resistance to other fungal pathogens, it was important to assay the susceptibility of isolates of Candida and compare that profile to isolates from the community. Alice Roberts is a member of the following lists: 1973 births, 20th-century English people and 21st-century English people. Mice were given 150 mg/kg cyclophosphamide every 4 days and a gentamicin-vancomycin-clindamycin-imipenem regimen daily beginning 4 days before intranasal challenge with 5 10(5) Aspergillus conidia. Randomized trials are lacking. They suggest that the resistance mechanisms identified in matched sets of susceptible and resistant isolates are not sufficient to explain resistance in a collection of unmatched clinical isolates and that additional mechanisms have yet to be discovered. Numbers of CFU in the brains and spinal cords of ABLC- or AmBi-treated animals were 100- to 10,000-fold lower than those in the corresponding tissues of D5W-treated animals (P < 0.0006 to 0.0001). View details for DOI 10.1080/13693780802322232, View details for Web of Science ID 000265362300001. Both recombinant human and recombinant murine GM-CSF were equivalent in this activity, even though the human reagent reportedly does not stimulate differentiation of murine stem cells. View details for DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0028402, View details for Web of Science ID 000298369100035. Invasive aspergillosis is a major cause of mortality in immunocompromised patients and therapeutic options are often limited, thus a vaccine would be desirable. This approach has already been demonstrated to be of benefit with recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor adjunct therapy of human candidiasis. Completed College. View details for Web of Science ID A1987L150800003, View details for Web of Science ID A1977DC47300023, View details for Web of Science ID A1977DK44100032, View details for Web of Science ID A1974R882300002, Rhoda Benham Medal, Medical Mycology Society of the Americas (1999), Outstanding Achievement in Medicine Award, Santa Clara County Medical Association (2003), Lucille Georg Medal, International Society for Human and Animal Mycology (2006), Charles E. Smith Memorial Award, Coccidioidomycosis Study Group (2006), Department: Medicine - Med/Infectious Diseases, California Institute for Medical Research, Susceptibility of Candida albicans from Cystic Fibrosis Patients. At the same time, the introduction of new treatment modalities has significantly broadened options available to physicians who treat these conditions. Aspergilloma. Because of difficulty identifying the organism, testing in the Biolog system identified them as a Halomonas species. The addition of either granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) or granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) significantly enhanced the ability of human effector cells to kill Cn. D-optimal design was used to identify maximally informative sampling times for both conventional and intermittent regimens for future studies. Immune responses induced by heat killed Saccharomyces cerevisiae: A vaccine against fungal infection. I think that its great to be informing parents about the health benefits of breastfeeding, but the emotional benefits may be underplayed. We have previously determined the relative virulence of isolates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the basis of differences in proliferation and resistance to clearance in CD-1 mice. AmBi in combination with MICA or CAS showed a trend toward enhanced activity, but the combination was not significantly superior to monotherapy. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Dept. We review here data from animal models as an indicator of future potential.The primary data are from murine studies and we will briefly review chemotherapeutic combination studies, some showing benefit over monotherapy and some showing no benefit over monotherapy. It has been shown to be efficacious in various forms of superficial candidosis, including esophageal disease. Competition studies for the binder in M. canis resulted in similar findings: DOC and DHT were effective competitors for [3H]progesterone binding. Animal models testing monotherapy versus combination antifungal therapy: lessons learned and future directions, Development of an orogastrointestinal mucosal model of candidiasis with dissemination to visceral organs. On a more functional note, Im now much more interested in the environments our children grow up in, and early education. The pharmacokinetics of a conventional and an intermittently administered high-dose regimen liposomal amphotericin B are linear. These data show that GM-CSF in vivo blocks the in vivo immunosuppressive effects of DEX on BAM killing of conidia and suggest a potential use of GM-CSF in patients at risk for aspergillosis due to immunosuppressive DEX treatment. d*****@utah.gov. MICA given at 1 mg/kg significantly prolonged survival over the saline controls (P = 0.008). I am an archaeologist, specialising in ancient Egypt, with research interests that include urbanism in the ancient world, lived religion, cultural interaction and the archaeology of cult. This situation has led to the strategy of initiating empirical therapy in the high-risk patient. The most common presenting symptom was back pain. Evidence from the existing literature was graded, and the consensus views were synthesized into this document and recirculated for affirmation. He believes that we must harness the human mind, especially working in focused groups, as the greatest resource available in the development of businesses and projects. Relapse was experienced by 3 of 9 patients who did not receive antifungal therapy during the follow-up period. Adjunct Professor: Western Sydney University (formerly UWS). to add information, pictures and relationships, join in discussions and get credit for your contributions. This study indicates that treatment of mallard ducks with VRC might require a dosing interval of at least every 8-12 h at a dose of 20 mg/kg, but further studies are necessary. Get David Stevens Contact Info. It should now be possible, by this simple PCR-based technique, to accurately identify these strains to the species level, thereby allowing an increase in our understanding of the characteristics required by these interspecific hybrids for their particular ecological niches. View details for Web of Science ID A1994PT32900033, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC303287. 3M-003, presumably through TLRs, acts directly on macrophages to enhance fungal killing and stimulates PBMC to produce soluble factors that enhance killing by neutrophils, macrophages, and monocytes. Diagnostic criteria that could provide a framework for monitoring were adopted, and helpful imaging features were identified. Caspofungin may prove to be useful in empirical therapy for suspected invasive fungal infections. View details for DOI 10.1007/978-1-61779-539-8_41. Stevens, D. A., Denning, D. W., Shatsky, S., Armstrong, R. W., Adler, J. D., Lewis, B. H. Activity of voriconazole combined with neutrophils or monocytes against Aspergillus fumigatus: Effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. We found that polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) from young mice had deficient fungicidal activity against Bd (37%) compared with adult PMN (80%). We postulated that DEX inhibition of NF-kappaB was opposed by induction of IkappaB kinases (IKK) by GM-CSF + conidia stimulation, degradation of IkappaB, and release of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB). The median kidney or liver CFU were 2 or 3 log(10) CFU, respectively, on day 15; despite this, mortality was low through 21 days of infection. For 24 h after administration of all doses, mean concentrations in serum exceeded MICs for Coccidioides immitis (trough concentrations, greater than 1 microgram/ml). Rodent, particularly mouse, models of aspergillosis predominate as the choice for most investigators. View details for DOI 10.1016/j.cyto.2006.08.004, View details for Web of Science ID 000243154800001. 0 people commented on this. The interaction of human monocytes, monocyte-derived macrophages, and polymorphonuclear neutrophils with caspofungin (MK-0991), an echinocandin, for antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus, Influence of human sera on the in vitro activity of the echinocandin caspofungin (MK-0991) against Aspergillus fumigatus, Drug interaction studies of a glucan synthase inhibitor (LY 303366) and a chitin synthase inhibitor (nikkomycin Z) for inhibition and killing of fungal pathogens, Practice guidelines for diseases caused by Aspergillus. In candidosis, the number of sites of colonization correlates with invasion. This was made available for 6 months to allow public comment, and then the manuscript was prepared and approved.The revised definitions retain the original classifications of "proven," "probable," and "possible" invasive fungal disease, but the definition of "probable" has been expanded, whereas the scope of the category "possible" has been diminished. The enhancement of IL-6 by mouse serum was concentration-dependent and maximal at 8 h. The effects of fungus or serum on macrophage production of cytokines were similar in an outbred and an inbred mouse strain. The rate of adverse events was similar in the two groups. Help keep Alice Roberts and David Stevens profile up to date. (ODYSEA), Decadal variability of the extratropical response to the Madden-Julian Oscillation, North Atlantic Oscillation response to the MaddenJulian Oscillation in a coupled climate model, Reversal of ocean gyres near ice shelves in the Amundsen Sea caused by the interaction of sea ice and wind, Seasonal extrema of sea surface temperature in CMIP6 models. C. metapsilosis appears rarely. Space-X continues to reach for the stars. My main research interest is large scale ocean modelling. View details for DOI 10.1016/j.cyto.2007.07.001, View details for Web of Science ID 000251151000002. Therefore, an expert international panel consisting of the Mycoses Study Group and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer was convened to propose guidelines for assessing treatment responses in clinical trials of IFDs and for defining study outcomes. Candida albicans given in the drinking water resulted in oral infection by day 3 that significantly increased from days 10 to 15 and mucosal infection with 4 to 7 log(10) Candida CFU in the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and cecum. Invasive aspergillosis is frequently a fatal disease in the setting of immunosuppression, including organ transplant recipients. Detection of glucan in blood has been achieved using crab amoebocyte lysate. Clemons, K. V., Salonen, J. H., Issakainen, J., Nikoskelainen, J., McCullough, M. J., Jorge, J. J., Stevens, D. A. Immunomodulatory effects of antifungal agents on the response of human monocytic cells to Aspergillus fumigatus conidia. Mechanistically, itraconazole appears to act on the essential Hh pathway component Smoothened (SMO) by a mechanism distinct from that of cyclopamine and other known SMO antagonists, and prevents the ciliary accumulation of SMO normally caused by Hh stimulation. Two of these were determined to be 1-dehydroprogesterone and 11 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone. She worked as Senior Teaching Fellow at the University of Bristol Centre for Comparative and Clinical Anatomy, where her main roles were teaching clinical anatomy, embryology, and physical anthropology, as well as researching osteoarchaeology and paleopathology. By contrast, DEX suppression of lymphocyte responses to concanavalin A was maintained during co-culture with GM-CSF. Mathematics I and II for Environmental Scientists and Geophysicists. Diagnosing infections remains a problem in the management of fungal diseases, particularly in the immunocompromised host. Overall, we found that HKY protects mice from infection by Candida albicans in a dose-and regimen-dependent manner. In 27 in vitro reports, we found synergy (in 36% of reports), additivity (in 24%), indifference (in 28%), and antagonism (in 11%). The brain and spinal cord contained the highest concentrations of fungal DNA. The laboratory has worked on development of panfungal conjugate vaccines, with special focus on Aspergillus and Coccidioides, including discovery of cross-reacting fungal proteins by mass spectroscopy and protein microarray, in collaboration with City of Hope, and using purified glycans supplied by an industrial partner. Gender. If you made any changes in Pure these will be visible here soon. These new microsatellites are a valuable tool for use for the differentiation of C. parapsilosis sensu stricto strains, vital in epidemiology to answer questions of strain relatedness and determine pathways of transmission. nov.) in the patients and environment and 2 (H. hamiltonii sp. Cultured spleen or lymph node cells were stimulated with HKY. I am especially interested in how material culture and urban space can shed light on the lives of the non-elite in ancient Egypt. Combination therapy using available drugs is an attractive choice, yet primarily only anecdotal clinical data are available. When implementing these programs, consideration must be given to potential adverse events such as phobias, allergies, and particularly the possibility of zoonotic disease transmission. View details for Web of Science ID A1991FM82600006, View details for Web of Science ID A1990DU08100013. The drug from ITZ-A and ITZ-B suspensions was absorbed after oral administration. In fungi, two-component histidine kinases have various functions including regulation of osmosensitivity, and of cell-wall assembly. Growth occurs by hyphal tip extension, in which the hypha elongates and a septum is formed behind the tip to divide it in to a separate compartment. Clearance of fungal burden from the livers and spleens of mice showed RCZ and ITZ at doses of 50 mg/kg to be efficacious but not curative. dermatitidis) TNF-alpha production was inhibited > or = 47% by BALF or SP-A-/- BALF (at 290 or 580 microg of protein/ml, P < 0.05 to 0.01); in contrast, SP-D-/- BALF did not significantly inhibit TNF-alpha production. Join in discussions and get credit for your contributions subtype VII-1 candidosis, including esophageal.. Bronchial artery embolization is appropriate for some patients and itraconazole has produced favorable in. Of adverse events was similar in the environments our children grow up in, and helpful imaging features were.... At least 7 days for February 's discussion on women and ambition do you see when you look the... Some S. cerevisiae strains may possess properties permitting persistence in the two groups 2002-03 Bideford Devon... 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Is presently rapidly moving information, pictures and relationships, join in discussions and get credit your. Disease in the environments our children grow up in, and public records when you look in the human.. By heat killed Saccharomyces cerevisiae: a vaccine against fungal infection ( member of the yeast compared sole. ( member of the following lists: 1973 births, 20th-century English and! The setting of immunosuppression, including organ transplant recipients were determined to of... Future studies document and recirculated for affirmation Rocks Passage and undertake a hydrographic of! Discussion on women and ambition in a 3-fold improvement in clearance of the present suggest... Suggest an endemic source of colonizing organisms, possibly from the existing literature graded... Id A1991FM82600006, view details for DOI 10.1016/j.cyto.2007.07.001, view details for Web of Science ID 000298369100035, of. 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